Ngaba ukhe wajonga ityala lakho lombane, nokuba wenza ntoni na, libonakala liphezulu ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye wacinga ngokutshintshela kumandla elanga, kodwa ungazi ukuba ungaqala ngaphi?
I-Dawn.com idibanise ulwazi malunga neenkampani ezisebenza ePakistan ukuphendula imibuzo yakho malunga neendleko zesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, iintlobo zayo, kunye nokuba ungagcina malini.
Into yokuqala okufuneka uyigqibe luhlobo lwesixokelelwano selanga oyifunayo, kwaye kukho ezintathu zazo: i-on-grid (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-on-grid), i-off-grid, kunye ne-hybrid.
Inkqubo yegridi iqhagamshelwe kwinkampani yamandla yesixeko sakho, kwaye ungasebenzisa zombini iinketho: iiiphaneli zelangaukuvelisa amandla emini, kwaye igridi yamandla inika amandla ebusuku okanye xa iibhetri ziphantsi.
Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba uthengise umbane ogqithileyo owuvelisayo kwinkampani yamandla ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yiNet meter, enokonga imali eninzi kwityala lakho.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo kwigridi ebusuku, kwaye ekubeni uqhagamshelwe kwigridi nangemini, inkqubo yakho yelanga iya kucima xa kwenzeka ukukhutshwa komthwalo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwamandla.
Iinkqubo zeHybrid, nangona ziqhagamshelwe kwigridi, zixhotyiswe ngeebhetri zokugcina umbane ogqithisileyo owenziwe emini.Isebenza njengesithinteli sokucinywa komthwalo kunye nokusilela.Iibhetri ziyabiza, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ixesha lokugcina lixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nomgangatho oyikhethayo.
Njengoko igama libonisa, inkqubo ye-off-grid ayinxulumananga nayo nayiphi na inkampani yamandla kwaye ikunika ukuzimela okupheleleyo.Ibandakanya iibhetri ezinkulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iijenereyitha.Oku kubiza kakhulu kunezinye iinkqubo ezimbini.
Amandla elanga lakho kufuneka axhomekeke kwinani leeyunithi ozisebenzisayo nyanga nganye.Ngokomyinge, ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezingama-300-350, uya kufuna inkqubo ye-3 kW.Ukuba usebenzisa iiyunithi ezingama-500-550, uya kufuna inkqubo ye-5 kW.Ukuba usebenzisa umbane wakho ngenyanga uphakathi kwe-1000 kunye ne-1100 yeeyunithi, uya kufuna isistim ye-10kW.
Uqikelelo olusekwe kuqikelelo lwamaxabiso olunikezelwa ziinkampani ezintathu zibeka iindleko ze-3KW, 5KW kunye ne-10KW iinkqubo malunga ne-Rs 522,500, i-Rs 737,500 kunye ne-1.37 yezigidi ngokulandelelanayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho i-caveat: la maxabiso asebenza kwiinkqubo ngaphandle kweebhetri, oku kuthetha ukuba ezi ntlawulo zihambelana neenkqubo zegridi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukuba nenkqubo ye-hybrid okanye i-standalone system, uya kufuna iibhetri, ezinokunyusa kakhulu iindleko zenkqubo yakho.
URuss Ahmed Khan, injineli yoyilo kunye nokuthengisa kwiMax Power eLahore, uthe kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeebhetri - i-lithium-ion kunye ne-tubular - kwaye ixabiso lixhomekeke kumgangatho ofunekayo kunye nobomi bebhetri.
Eyangaphambili iyabiza - umzekelo, i-4kW ye-pylon i-lithium-ion ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ixabisa i-Rs 350,000, kodwa inobomi be-10 ukuya kwi-12 iminyaka, uKhan uthe.Unokuqhuba iibhalbhu ezimbalwa zokukhanya, ifriji kunye neTV iiyure ezi-7-8 kwibhetri ye-4 kW.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukuqhuba i-air conditioner okanye ipompo yamanzi, ibhetri iya kukhupha ngokukhawuleza, wongezelela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-210 amp ibhetri ye-tubular ixabisa i-Rs 50,000.UKhan uthi isistim ye-3 kW ifuna ezimbini kwezi bhetri ze-tubular, ikunika ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini zamandla okugcina.Unokubaleka iibhalbhu zokukhanya ezimbalwa, iifeni, kunye netoni ye-inverter AC kuyo.
Ngokolwazi olunikwe yi-Kaiynat Hitech Services (KHS), ikontraka yelanga ese-Islamabad nase-Rawalpindi, iibhetri ze-tubular ze-3 kW kunye ne-5 kW iinkqubo zibiza malunga ne-Rs 100,000 kunye ne-Rs 200,160 ngokulandelelanayo.
Ngokutsho kuka-Mujtaba Raza, i-CEO ye-Solar Citizen, umboneleli wamandla elanga esekelwe eKarachi, inkqubo ye-10 kW kunye neebhetri, ekuqaleni ixabiso le-1.4-1.5 lakh, liya kunyuka ukuya kwi-2-3 yezigidi.
Ukongeza, iibhetri kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo, nto leyo eyongeza ixabiso elipheleleyo.Kodwa kukho indlela yokuyidlula le ntlawulo.
Ngenxa yezi ndleko, abasebenzisi abaninzi bakhetha igridi okanye iinkqubo ezixubileyo ezibavumela ukuba basebenzise i-net metering, indlela yokuhlawula amatyala ombane abanikazi be-solar system bongeza kwigridi.Ungathengisa nawaphi na amandla agqithisileyo owavelisayo kwinkampani yakho yamandla kwaye uhlawule ityala lakho kumandla owatsalayo kwigridi ebusuku.
Enye into encinci yenkcitho kulondolozo.Iiphaneli zelanga zifuna ukucocwa rhoqo, ngoko unokuchitha malunga ne-2500 rupees ngenyanga koku.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Solar Citizen's Raza ilumkise ukuba ixabiso lenkqubo lingaguquguquka ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwexabiso lotshintshiselwano kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo.
“Yonke inxenye yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga ithengwa kumazwe angaphandle – iiphaneli zelanga, ii-inverters kunye neengcingo zobhedu.Ngoko ke icandelo ngalinye linexabiso kwiidola, hayi iirupees.Amaxabiso otshintshiselwano ayaguquguquka kakhulu, ngoko ke kunzima ukunika iipakethe/uqikelelo.Le yeyona ngxaki ikhoyo kwishishini lelanga.”.
Amaxwebhu e-KHS akwabonisa ukuba amaxabiso asebenza iintsuku ezimbini kuphela ukusuka kumhla wokupapashwa kwexabiso eliqikelelweyo.
Oku kunokuba yinkxalabo enkulu kwabo bacinga ukufaka inkqubo yelanga ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphezulu.
URaza uthe inkampani yakhe ibisebenzisana nabathengi ukwenza inkqubo apho amatyala ombane anokwehliswa abe ngunothi.
Ucinga ukuba awunayo ibhetri, ngexesha lasemini uya kusebenzisa amandla elanga owavelisayo kwaye uthengise amandla angaphezulu elanga kwinkampani yakho yamandla.Nangona kunjalo, ebusuku awuvelisi amandla akho, kodwa sebenzisa umbane ovela kwinkampani yamandla.Kwi-Intanethi, usenokungawahlawuli amatyala akho ombane.
UKhan kaMax Power wenze umzekelo womthengi osebenzise izixhobo ezingama-382 ngoJulayi walo nyaka waza wabiza i-R11,500 ngenyanga.Inkampani ifakele i-5 kW isixokelelwano selanga kuyo, ivelisa malunga neeyunithi ezingama-500 ngenyanga kunye neeyunithi ezingama-6,000 ngonyaka.UKhan uthe ngenxa yeendleko zeyunithi yombane eLahore ngoJulayi, imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali iya kuthatha iminyaka emithathu.
Ulwazi olubonelelwe yi-KHS lubonisa ukuba amaxesha okuhlawula iisistim ze-3kW, 5kW kunye ne-10kW yiminyaka emi-3, eyi-3.1 kunye neminyaka eyi-2.6 ngokulandelelanayo.Inkampani ibale ukugcinwa konyaka kwe-Rs 204,097, i-Rs 340,162 kunye ne-Rs 612,291 kwiinkqubo ezintathu.
Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yelanga inobude obulindelekileyo beminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-25, ngoko iya kuqhubeka ikugcina imali emva kotyalo-mali lwakho lokuqala.
Kwinkqubo ye-net-metered grid-connected system, xa kungekho mbane kwigridi, njengexesha lokuchitha umthwalo okanye xa inkampani yamandla ihla, inkqubo yelanga icinyiwe ngokukhawuleza, utshilo uRaz.
Iiphaneli zelanga zenzelwe urhwebo lwaseNtshona kwaye ke ngoko azifanelekanga ukucinywa kombane.Wachaza ukuba ukuba akukho mbane kwigridi, inkqubo iya kusebenza phantsi kwengcinga yokuba ukulungiswa kuyaqhubeka kwaye kuya kuvalwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwimizuzwana embalwa ukukhusela naziphi na iziganeko zokhuseleko ngomatshini kwi-inverter.
Nakwezinye iimeko, ngenkqubo edityanisiweyo yegridi, uya kuxhomekeka kubonelelo lwenkampani yamandla ebusuku kwaye ujongane nokuchithwa komthwalo kunye naluphi na ukusilela.
URaza wongeze ngelithi ukuba le nkqubo ikwaquka neebhetri, kuya kufuneka zitshajwe rhoqo.
Iibhetri zikwafuna ukutshintshwa qho emva kweminyaka embalwa, nto leyo enokubiza amakhulu amawaka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-27-2022